Ar Raheeq Al Makhtum "THE LINEAGE AND THE FAMILY OF MUHAMMAD (Peace be upon him) "

 » Ar Raheeq Al Makhtum

THE LINEAGE AND THE FAMILY OF MUHAMMAD (Peace be upon him) 

With respect to the lineage of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him), there are three versions: The
first was authenticated by biographers and genealogists and states that Muhammad’s genealogy has
been traced to ‘Adnan. The second is subject to controversies and doubt, and traces his lineage beyond
‘Adnan back to Abraham. The third version, with some parts definitely incorrect, traces his lineage
beyond Abraham back to Adam (Peace be upon him)
After this rapid review, now ample details are believed to be necessary.
The first part: Muhammad bin ‘Abdullah bin ‘Abdul-Muttalib (who was called Shaiba) bin Hashim,
(named ‘Amr) bin ‘Abd Munaf (called Al-Mugheera) bin Qusai (also called Zaid) bin Kilab bin Murra bin
Ka‘b bin Lo’i bin Ghalib bin Fahr (who was called Quraish and whose tribe was called after him) bin
Malik bin An-Nadr (so called Qais) bin Kinana bin Khuzaiman bin Mudrikah (who was called ‘Amir) bin
Elias bin Mudar bin Nizar bin Ma‘ad bin ‘Adnan.
The second part: ‘Adnan bin Add bin Humaisi‘ bin Salaman bin Aws bin Buz bin Qamwal bin Obai bin
‘Awwam bin Nashid bin Haza bin Bildas bin Yadlaf bin Tabikh bin Jahim bin Nahish bin Makhi bin Aid bin
‘Abqar bin ‘Ubaid bin Ad-Da‘a bin Hamdan bin Sanbir bin Yathrabi bin Yahzin bin Yalhan bin Ar‘awi bin
Aid bin Deshan bin Aisar bin Afnad bin Aiham bin Muksar bin Nahith bin Zarih bin Sami bin Mazzi bin
‘Awda bin Aram bin Qaidar bin Ishmael son of Abraham (Peace be upon them).
The third part: beyond Abraham (Peace be upon him) , Ibn Tarih (Azar) bin Nahur bin Saru‘ bin Ra‘u
bin Falikh bin Abir bin Shalikh bin Arfakhshad bin Sam bin Noah (Peace be upon him) , bin Lamik bin
Mutwashlack bin Akhnukh [who was said to be Prophet Idris (Enoch) (Peace be upon him)     bin Yarid
bin Mahla’il bin Qabin Anusha bin Shith bin Adam (Peace be upon him)
THE PROPHETIC FAMILY:
 
The family of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) is called the Hashimite family after his
grandfather Hashim bin ‘Abd Munaf. Let us now speak a little about Hashim and his descendants:
1.Hashim: As we have previously mentioned, he was the one responsible for giving food and water
to the pilgrims. This had been his charge when the sons of ‘Abd Munaf and those of ‘Abd Ad-Dar
compromised on dividing the charges between them. Hashim was wealthy and honest. He was
the first to offer the pilgrims sopped bread in broth. His first name was ‘Amr but he was called
Hashim because he had been in the practice of crumbling bread (for the pilgrims). He was also
the first man who started Quraish’s two journeys of summer and winter. It was reported that he
went to Syria as a merchant. In Madinah, he married Salma — the daughter of ‘Amr from Bani
‘
Adi bin An-Najjar. He spent some time with her in Madinah then he left for Syria again while she
was pregnant. He died in Ghazza in Palestine in 497 A.D. Later, his wife gave birth to ‘Abdul-
Muttalib and named him Shaiba for the white hair in his head , and brought him up in her
father’s house in Madinah. None of his family in Makkah learned of his birth. Hashim had four
sons; Asad, Abu Saifi, Nadla and ‘Abdul-Muttalib, and five daughters Ash-Shifa, Khalida, Da‘ifa,
Ruqyah and Jannah.
2.
‘
Abdul-Muttalib: We have already known that after the death of Hashim, the charge of pilgrims’
food and water went to his brother Al-Muttalib bin ‘Abd Munaf (who was honest, generous and
trustworthy). When ‘Abdul-Muttalib reached the age of boyhood, his uncle Al-Muttalib heard of
him and went to Madinah to fetch him. When he saw him, tears filled his eyes and rolled down
his cheeks, he embraced him and took him on his camel. The boy, however abstained from going
with him to Makkah until he took his mother’s consent. Al-Muttalib asked her to send the boy
with him to Makkah, but she refused. He managed to convince her saying: “Your son is going to
Makkah to restore his father’s authority, and to live in the vicinity of the Sacred House.” There in
Makkah, people wondered at seeing Abdul-Muttalib, and they considered him the slave of
Muttalib. Al-Muttalib said: “He is my nephew, the son of my brother Hashim.” The boy was
brought up in Al-Muttalib’s house, but later on Al-Muttalib died in Bardman in Yemen so ‘AbdulMuttalib
took
over
and
managed
to
maintain
his
people’s
prestige
and
outdo
his
grandfathers
in

his
honourable
behaviour
which
gained
him
Makkah’s
deep
love
and
high
esteem.

3.When Al-Muttalib died, Nawfal usurped ‘Abdul-Muttalib of his charges, so the latter asked for help
from Quraish but they abstained from extending any sort of support to either of them.
Consequently, he wrote to his uncles of Bani An-Najjar (his mother’s brothers) to come to his
aid. His uncle, Abu Sa‘d bin ‘Adi (his mother’s brother) marched to Makkah at the head of eighty
horsemen and camped in Abtah in Makkah. ‘Abdul-Muttalib received the men and invited them to
go to his house but Abu Sa‘d said: “Not before I meet Nawfal.” He found Nawfal sitting with
some old men of Quraish in the shade of Al-Ka‘bah. Abu Sa‘d drew his sword and said: “I swear
by Allâh that if you don’t restore to my nephew what you have taken, I will kill you with this
sword.” Nawfal was thus forced to give up what he had usurped, and the notables of Quraish
were made to witness to his words. Abu Sa‘d then went to ‘Abdul-Muttalib’s house where he
stayed for three nights, made ‘Umra and left back for Madinah. Later on, Nawfal entered into
alliance with Bani ‘Abd Shams bin ‘Abd Munaf against Bani Hashim. When Khuza‘a, a tribe, saw
Bani An-Najjar’s support to ‘Abdul-Muttalib they said: “He is our son as he is yours. We have
more reasons to support him than you.” ‘Abd Munaf’s mother was one of them. They went into
An-Nadwa House and entered into alliance with Bani Hashim against Bani ‘Abd Shams and
Nawfal. It was an alliance that was later to constitute the main reason for the conquest of
Makkah. ‘Abdul-Muttalib witnessed two important events in his lifetime, namely digging Zamzam
well and the Elephant raid.
In brief, ‘Abdul-Muttalib received an order in his dream to dig Zamzam well in a particular place.
He did that and found the things that Jurhum men had buried therein when they were forced to
evacuate Makkah. He found the swords, armours and the two deer of gold. The gate of Al-Ka‘bah
was stamped from the gold swords and the two deer and then the tradition of providing Zamzam
water to pilgrims was established.
When the well of Zamzam gushed water forth, Quraish made a claim to partnership in the
enterprise, but ‘Abdul-Muttalib refused their demands on grounds that Allâh had singled only him
out for this honourable job. To settle the dispute, they agreed to consult Bani Sa‘d’s diviner. On
their way, Allâh showed them His Signs that confirmed ‘Abdul-Muttalib’s prerogative as regards
the sacred spring. Only then did ‘Abdul-Muttalib make a solemn vow to sacrifice one of his adult
children to Al-Ka‘bah if he had ten.
The second event was that of Abraha As-Sabah Al-Habashi, the Abyssinian (Ethiopian) viceroy in
Yemen. He had seen that the Arabs made their pilgrimage to Al-Ka‘bah so he built a large church
in San‘a in order to attract the Arab pilgrims to it to the exclusion of Makkah. A man from Kinana
tribe understood this move, therefore he entered the church stealthily at night and besmeared its
front wall with excrement. When Abraha knew of that, he got very angry and led a great army –
of sixty thousand warriors – to demolish Al-Ka‘bah. He chose the biggest elephant for himself.
His army included nine or thirteen elephants. He continued marching until he reached a place
called Al-Magmas. There, he mobilized his army, prepared his elephants and got ready to enter
Makkah. When he reached Muhassar Valley, between Muzdalifah and Mina, the elephant knelt
down and refused to go forward. Whenever they directed it northwards, southwards or
eastwards, the elephant moved quickly but when directed westwards towards Al-Ka‘bah, it knelt
down. Meanwhile, Allâh loosed upon them birds in flights, hurling against them stones of baked
clay and made them like green blades devoured. These birds were very much like swallows and
sparrows, each carrying three stones; one in its peak and two in its claws. The stones hit
Abraha’s men and cut their limbs and killed them. A large number of Abraha’s soldiers were
killed in this way and the others fled at random and died everywhere. Abraha himself had an
infection that had his fingertips amputated. When he reached San‘a he was in a miserable state
and died soon after.
The Quraishites on their part had fled for their lives to the hillocks and mountain tops. When the
enemy had been thus routed, they returned home safely.
The Event of the Elephant took place in the month of Al-Muharram, fifty or fifty five days before
the birth of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him) which corresponded to late February or
early March 571 A.D. It was a gift from Allâh to His Prophet and his family. It could actually be
regarded as a Divine auspicious precursor of the light to come and accompany the advent of the
Prophet and his family. By contrast, Jerusalem had suffered under the yoke of the atrocities of
Allâh’s enemies. Here we can recall Bukhta Nassar in B.C. 587 and the Romans in 70 A.D. AlKa‘bah,
by Divine Grace,never came under the hold of the Christians –the Muslims of that time– although Makkah was populated by polytheists.
News of the Elephant Event reached the most distant corners of the then civilized world.
Abyssinia (Ethiopia) maintained strong ties with the Romans, while the Persians on the other
hand, were on the vigil with respect to any strategic changes that were looming on the sociopolitical
horizon,and soon came to occupy Yemen. Incidentally, the Roman and Persian Empires stood for the
powerful civilized world at that time.The Elephant Raid Event Riveted The World’sattention tothe sacredness
ofAllâh’sHouse,andshowedthatthisHousehadbeenchosenbyAllâhforitsho.ItfollowedthenifanyofitspeopleclaimedProphethood,itwouldbecongruouswiththeoutcomeoftheElephantEvent,andwouldprovideajustifiableexplanationfortheulteriorDivineWisdomthatlaybehindbackingpolytheistsagainstChristiansinamannerthattranscended
the cause-and-effect formula.‘
Abdul-Muttalib had ten sons, Al-Harith, Az-Zubair, Abu Talib, ‘Abdullah, Hamzah, Abu Lahab,
Ghidaq, Maqam, Safa and Al‘Abbas.Healsohadsixdaughters,whowereUmmAl-Hakim–the only white one, Barrah, ‘Atikah, Safiya, Arwa and Omaima.
4.‘Abdullah: The father of Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him). His mother was Fatimah,daughter of ‘Amr bin ‘A’idh bin ‘Imran bin Makhzum bin Yaqdhan bin Murra. ‘Abdullah was the
smartest of ‘Abdul-Muttalib’s sons, the chastest and the most loved. He was also the son whom
the divination arrows pointed at to be slaughtered as a sacrifice to Al-Ka‘bah. When ‘AbdulMuttalib
hadtensonsandtheyreachedmaturity,hedivulgedtothemhissecretvowinwhichtheysilentlyandobediently
acquiesced.Their Names Were Written On Divination Arrows Andgivent Theguardian Of Their Beloved goddess,Hubal.Thearrowswereshuffledanddrawn.Anarrowshowedthatitwas‘Abdullahtobesacrificed.
‘Abdul-MuttalibthentooktheboytoAlKa‘bahwitharazortoslaughtertheboy.Quraish,his uncles from Makhzum
tribe and his brother AbuTalib,however tried to dissuade him from consummating his pur poses ee.Then Sought Their Advice As Regards His Vow.The Suggested Thathesummonashe diviner to judge whereabout.She
orderedthatthedivinationarrowsshouldbedrawnwithrespectto‘Abdullahaswellastencamels.She Added  that drawing the lots should be repeated with ten more camels every time the arrow showed‘Abdullah.The operation was thus repeated until the number of the camels amounted to one hundred. At this point the arrow
showed the camels,consequently they were all slaughtered (to the satisfaction of Hubal) instead of his son. The slaughtered camels were left for  anyone to eat from, human or animal.l This incident produced a change in the amount of blood-money usually accepted in Arabia. It had been ten camels, but after this event it was increased to a hundred. Islam, later on, approved of this. Another thing closely relevant to the above issue goes to the effect that the Prophet (Peace be upon him) once said:
 “I am the offspring of the slaughtered two,” meaning Ishmael and ‘Abdullah.
‘Abdul-Muttalib chose Amina, daughter of Wahab bin ‘Abd Munaf bin Zahra bin Kilab, as a wife for his
son, ‘Abdullah. She thus, in the light of this ancestral lineage, stood eminent in respect of nobility of
position and descent. Her father was the chief of Bani Zahra to whom great honour was attributed.
They were married in Makkah, and soon after ‘Abdullah was sent by his father to buy dates in Madinah
where he died. In another version, ‘Abdullah went to Syria on a trade journey and died in Madinah on
his way back. He was buried in the house of An-Nabigha Al-Ju‘di. He was twenty-five years old when he
died. Most historians state that his death was two months before the birth of Muhammad ﻢﻠﺳو ﻪﯿﻠﻋ ﷲا ﻰﻠﺻ .
Some others said that his death was two months after the Prophet’s birth. When Amina was informed of
her husband’s death, she celebrated his memory in a most heart-touching elegy.
‘
Abdullah left very little wealth —five camels, a small number of goats, a she-servant, called Barakah –
Umm Aiman – who would later serve as the Prophet’s nursemaid.