IMPORTANT
QUESTIONS
PART I
PAPER 1 ISLAMIC JURISPRUDENCE
0. SOURCES OF LAW
Q. What are sources of Islamic law discuss in detail? (2008-A)
1. QURAN
Q. Discuss Quran as a source of law. Also
explain the theory of abrogation. (2007-S)
Q. Describe the importance of Quran as primary
source of Islamic Law in the Islamic legislation. (2006-A 2002-A)
Q. Discuss the theory of abrogation in Quran in
detail. (2006-A 2003-A 2002-S)
2. SUNNAH
Q. Describe various kinds of Sunnah mentioning
their role in Islamic legislation. (2009-A 2007-A 2005-S 2004-A 2003-A) Narrate
difference between Sunnah and Hadith.
Q. Discuss Sunnah as a source of Law. (2008-S)
Q. Quran and Sunnah can’t be detached from each
other. Support your answer with reason. (2009-S 2002-S)
3. IJMA & QIYAS
Q. Define and discuss Ijma as source of Islamic
Law. (2009-A)
Q. Define Ijma. What are its kinds & how
conducted? (2005-A 2002-A)
Q. Define & distinguish between Ijma &
Qiyas as a source of Islamic law. (2002-S)
4. IJTEHAD & TAQLEED
Q. Define Taqleed & Ijtehad. How they both
can be distinguished? (2008-S 2005-A 2004-S)
Q. Narrate the qualifications of Mujtahid in
Islamic Law.
Q. What is ijtihad ,how it is cinducted and
Narrate the qualifications of Mujtahid in Islamic Law.? (2008-A)
5. OWNERSHIP
Q. What are the modes of acquiring ownership
& losing it in Islam? (2009-A 2008-A 2007-S 2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2003-A)
6. CONTRACT
Q. What are the ingredients of a valid contract
under Islamic law? (2008-S 2007-A 2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2003-S 2002-S 2002-A)
7. CUSTOM
Q. Define custom. What are the essential
ingredients of a valid custom under Islamic Law? (2005-S 2002-S)
Q. Define custom as a source of law in Islam.
What is the status of pre-Islamic customs? (2004-S)
8. JEHAD
Q. Define and discuss the scope of Jehad in
Islam under International Law? (2009-A)
Q. Jehad why it’s waged and what acts are
permissible and prohibited during Jehad? (2007-A 2005-S 2004-A, S 2003-S
2002-S)
9. SOVEREIGNTY
Q. Explain the concept of sovereignty in Islam.
To what extent it is different from the concept of modern democracy? (2008-A
2006-A)
Q. What are the qualifications for head of an
Islamic State? (2004-S)
Q. Explain the concept of sovereignty in Islam.
What are the qualifications for the head of an Islamic State? (2007-S 2004-S)
10. STATE
Q. Discuss the concept of state in Islam.
(2008-S 2007-S 2005-S)
Q. Some jurists divide the world into two arts.
Dar-ul-Islam & Dar-ul-Harb. What are the consequences of such division?
(2004-S)
11. SOURCES OF REVENUE
Q. What are the traditional sources of revenue
of an Islamic State? (2007-A 2006-A 2005-A 2004-S, A 2003-S 2002-A) Can some
other sources of revenue be levied? (2002-S)
Q. What are different sources of revenue of
Islamic state (2007-S) discuss the present tax system in light of Islamic
injunctions? (2008-A)
12. PUNISHMENT IN
ISLAMIC LAW
Q. Define Hadd & Tazir. What is the
distinction between these two? (2009-A 2008-S A 2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2003-S)
Q. Discuss Qisas & Diyat. What is the
distinction between two? (2007-A 2006-A) Do u agree to proposal of conversion
of death penalty into life imprisonment in murder case? (2008-A)
Q. Define Hadd and Tazeer. What are the offences
termed as Hadood cases in Islam? (2008-S)
Q. What is the object of punishment in Islam?
Conversion of death sentence into life imprisonment may serve the purpose. Do
you agree? (2008-S)
Q. What is the object of punishment in Islam?
What are the different kinds of punishment in Islamic Law? (2007-A 2006-A
2005-S)
Q. Describe briefly the salient features of
Islamic Criminal law. (2003-S 2002-A)
Q. Define & discuss all the seven crimes of
Hadood in detail. (2002-S)
13. JUDICIAL SYSTEM
Q. What is the judicial system of an Islamic
state? (2005-S) Discuss the qualifications for a Qazi in Islamic law. (2008- S,
A 2006-A 2004-S 2003-S)
14. LAW OF EVIDENCE
Q. What are the qualifications of a competent
witness for testifying? Discuss the status of woman as a witness. (2007-S A)
Q. What are the qualifications of a competent
witness for testifying? (2009-A 2008-A 2004-A)
Q. Discuss the status of woman as a witness in
Islamic law. (2005-S 2004-S 2003-A 2002-S, A)
15. SHURAA
Q. Islam
propounds the doctrine of ‘Shura’ which differs from prevalent Democracy, do
you agree? (2009-A)
Q. “The legislature in the present system plays
the role of Shura as provided in Islam”. Comment (2008-S)
Q. Discuss the characteristics, importance &
role of Shuraa in an Islamic State in the light of Quranic verse. (2007-S
2005-S, A 2003-S, A)
Q. Discuss the constitutional structure of an
Islamic Law. (2004-A)
Q. Discuss role of Shura in Islamic state can
present legislation be termed as Shura? (2008-A)
16. RIGHTS
Q. What is meant by public & private rights?
Which one is more important & why? (2009-A 2008-S 2007-A 2006-A 2003-S)
17. LEGAL DISABILITY
Q.
What is legal disability? How it becomes defective and what are the
consequences of its defect? (2007-A)
18. NOTES
i)
Imam Shafi Theory of Abrogation Daman (2007-A)
ii)
Istidlal Arsh Istehsan (2007-S)
iii)
Istehsan Arsh (2008-S)
iv)
Qiyas Zakat (2009-A)
18.
IMAMS
Q.
Discuss the role of Imam Abu Hanifa (RA) towards the compilation of Fiqh.
(2008-S)
19.
SCHOOL OF THOUGHTS
Q.
Discuss the role of different Muslim School of thought in codification and
compilation of Islamic Law. (2009-A)
PAPER 2. ENGLISH JURISPRUDENCE
1. NATURE & SCOPE OF JURISPRUDENCE
- Define Jurisprudence. Explain the various kinds of
Jurisprudence. (2009-A 2007-S 2005-S 2004-A,S 2003-A 2002-S 2001-S)
Discuss scope of analytical jurisprudence? (2008-A)
- Define Jurisprudence. Discuss the scope of analytical,
historical & ethical jurisprudence? (2002-A 2001-S 2000-S)
2. LAW OF PROCEDURE
- Discuss various rules of production and valuation of
evidence. (2008-S)
Q. Define Evidence. What are the various kinds of
evidence? (2007-S 2006-A 2005-S 2005-A 2004-S 2000-S)
- Explain the difference between substantive and
procedural law? (2006-A 2004-A 2002-A 2001-S)
3. ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE
- What is the administration of Justice? Briefly trace
its origin. (2009-A 2007-S A 2005-A 2004-S 2002 S)
- Explain the secondary functions of the law court.
(2008-S 2007-S)
Q. Discuss the primary and secondary functions of the Courts of
law. (2007-A 2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2002-A 2001-S 2000-S)
- Discuss the various theories of
punishment. (2007-A 2006-A 2005-S 2004-S 2003-A)
4. NATURE OF LAW
- Define Law. Explain the classification of Civil Law.
(2007-A)
- Is law territorial in nature? Discuss through
examples. (2009-A 2008-S 2007-S 2006-A 2005-S 2005-A 2003-A 2002-A)
- Define law. What are the advantages & disadvantages
of fixed rules of law? (2005-A 2004-S 2001-S 2000-S) (2008-A)
Q. Discuss imperative theory of law, also discuss criticism
against it? (2008-A)
- Imperative theory of law by Austin “Law is the command
of sovereign”. Discuss (2007-S 2005-A 2004-S 2002-S 2002-A 2001-S)
Q. Explain the imperative theory of law; also discuss the
objections raised against Austinian Theory. (2009-A)
- Explain the terms Q of law, Q of fact and mixed Q of
law & fact. (2007-A 2004-S 2003-A 2002-S)
5. LEGAL RIGHT
Q. Explain with examples
the following types of legal rights: (a) Rights in re-propria/rights in
re-aliena
b) Principal and
accessory rights (c) Vested and Contingent Rights (2009-A)
- Define legal right. Narrate the essentials of a legal
right. (2008-A 2005-S 2005-A 2004-A 2003-A)
- What are the various kinds of legal Rights? (2007-S
2002-S)
- Define legal right, explain the following: (2006-A
2004-S 2002-A 2001-A)
i) PosItive &
Negative Rights (ii) Vested & Contingent Rights
2008-S
iii) Real & Personal
Rights (iv) Right in Rem & Right in Personam
v) Principal &
Accessory Rights 2008-S (vi) Rights in re-propria/rights in re-aliena 2008-S
6. CUSTOM
Q. Define Custom. What are the various kinds of Custom? (2007-A
2005-S 2003-A 2002-S)
Q. What are the pre-requisites of a valid custom? (2007-S
2004-S 2001-A 2000-S)
7. LEGISLATION
Q. Discuss various principles of interpretation of enacted law.
(2009-A 2008-A 2007-A)
Q. Define Legislation. Explain various kinds of
legislation. (2005-S)
Q. Compare legislation with Precedent. Explain which one, as a
source of law, is superior to other. (2008-S)
Q. Discuss how legislation is superior to precedent? (2005-A
2002-S)
Q. Enumerate briefly advantages & disadvantages of legislation
as law. (2000-A)
8. PRECEDNET
Q. Define Precedent. Explain the classification of
precedent. (2004-A)
Q. Notes: a) Ratio Decidendi b) Stare Decisis c) Obiter Dicta
(2009-A 2007-S 2005-A 2003-A)
Q. Discuss those circumstances which increase the authority of a
precedent and those that decrease the weight of precedent. (2008-S)
Q. What are the circumstances, which destroy or weaken the binding
force of precedent?
9. AGREEMENT
Q. Explain the kinds of
agreement. What are the causes of invalidity of agreement? (2007-A)
Q. What are the various kinds of agreements? (2003-A) What are the
essentials of a valid legal agreement? (2000-S)
Q. Define Agreement. Discuss the causes of invalidity of
agreements. (2004-A)
10. PROPERTY
Q. Define property. What are various kinds of property? (2003-A
2002-A 2000-A)
Q. What are the various modes of acquisition of property? 2007-A
2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2002-S) (2008-A)
11. PERSON
Q. Define person. Describe various types of legal person. (2008-A
2006-A)
Q. Define Person. Distinguish between corporation & firm.
(2009-A 2005-A 2004-A 2002-A 2001-S) What are the objects & uses of
incorporation? (2003-A) Discuss the liabilities of a corporation. (2008-S)
12. POSSESSION
Q. Define Possession. Discuss various modes of acquisition of
possession. (2009-A 2007-S 2008-S 2005-S 2004-S)
Q. Possession is the 9/10th of ownership. (2004-A
2002-S 2001-A)
Q. Define Possession. What are various kinds of possession?
(2002-A)
13. OWNERSHIP
Q. Define Ownership. What are the kinds of ownership? (2006-A
2004-S 2002-S 2001-S)(2008-A)
i) Vested &
Contingent Ownership
ii) Sole &
Co-ownership (2007-A)
iii) Trust & Beneficial
Ownership
14. LIABILITY
Q. In light of the relevant case law explain the law of
Negligence. (2007-S A 2006-A 2005-S 2005-A)
Q. Define & explain the doctrines of strict & absolute liability.
(2008-S 2005-S)
Q. Explain the doctrine of vicarious liability. Give illustrations
to support your answer. (2009A 2004-A)
15. NOTES
i) Stare Decisis Obiter
Dicta (2007-A) (ii) Rights in rem and personam Principal and Accessory Rights
(2007-S)
iii) Obiter dicta Ratio Decidendi Fiction (2008-A) (iv) Vicarious
Liability Res Nullius (2008-S)
LLB PART I
PAPER 3. CONSTITUTIONAL LAW I
A) BRITISH CONSTITUTION
1. SALIENT FEATURES
Q. Critically analyze
the salient features of British Constitution. (2009-A 2007-A 2005-S 2004-S
2003-A 2002-S 2001-A)
2. SOURCES
Q. Describe the sources
of British Constitution and highlight the legal sources. (2005-A 2003-A 2002-S,
A 2001-S 2000-A)
3. CONVENTIONS
Q. Explain the
conventions of British Constitution by giving examples of important
conventions. (2007-A 2005-A 2004-A 2002-S, A 2001-S, A 2000-S)
Q. Explain the sanction
behind convention’s which enforced them? (2009-A 2008-A)
4. SUPREMACY OF
PARLIAMENT
Q. What are limitations
on parliamentary sovereignty? Discuss (2008-S)
Q. Discuss the Supremacy
of Parliament & explain the factors responsible for it by giving examples.
(2007-S 2005-S, A 2004-S 2001-A 2000-S)
5. FUNCTIONS OF PARLIAMENT
Q. Explain in detail the
functions of Parliament. (2005-A) What are the judicial functions of
Parliament? (2006-A 2004-A 2003-S) Discuss the parliamentary procedure for law
making under the British Constitution. (2001-S 2000-
6. COMPOSITION OF PARLIAMENT
Q. Explain the
Composition of British Parliament. (2005-S)
Q. What is meant by
Responsible Government? (2005-S 2001-S)
Q. Discuss the nature
composition & functions of the House of Lords. (2006-A 2000-A)
Q. Discuss the functions
of the two houses of Parliament and their relationship with each other.
(2002-S)
Q. “House of Commons is
more powerful than House of Lords”. Explain (2007-A 2003-S 2002-A)
Q. Discuss judicial
functions of House of Lords. (2008-S)
Q. Explain powers &
functions of house of common? (2009-A 2008-A)
7. CABINET
Q. State the nature,
composition & functions of the Cabinet in England. (2007-S 2005-A 2003-S
2002-A 2001-A)
8. RULE OF LAW
Q. What is ‘rule of
Law’? Discuss its significance, whether there are some exceptions to it under
British Constitution. (2007-S 2007-A)
Q. Whether the
parliamentary sovereignty & rule of law oppose to each other Discuss?
(2009-A 2008-A)
Q. Write an essay on
‘The Rule of Law’ as it prevails in England. (2005-S, A 2004-A 2001-A)
9. SEPARATION OF POWERS
Q. What is the theory of
“Separation of Power” and to what extent it is embodied in the British Constitution?
(2006-10. COURTS
Q. What are different
kinds of Courts in England and what type of different laws are followed by the
Courts in England? Discuss (2009-A 2007-A)
Q. Discuss ‘Independence
of Judiciary’ in England. (2007-S 2003-A 2000-S)
11. MINISTERIAL RESPONSIBILITY
Q. Explain the doctrine
of ministerial responsibility under the British Constitution. (2009-A 2006-A
2003-A)
12. ROYAL PREROGATIVES
Q. Up to what extent the
phrase, “the King can do no wrong” holds good today? Explain. (2004-A)
Q. ‘The King can do no
wrong’ is taken differently now than in the past. Explain. (2003-A 2002-S
2000-A)
Q. ‘The Crown is an
institution which never dies”. Discuss the maxim & enumerate the powers,
duties & position of the Crown. (2006-A 2001-A 2000-S)
Q. What do you
understand by the Royal Prerogatives? How the prerogatives are exercised?
(2005-S 2004-S 2003-S 2001-S)
Q. What are different
privileges available to Crown? Explain. (2007-S)
Q. What do you mean by
Crown’s Prerogatives? Discuss its different classifications. (2008-S)
Q. What are political
prerogatives of crown under British constitution? (2008-A)
13. FLEXIBLE
Q. Highlight the salient
features of a flexible Constitution comparing it with the rigid one. (2003-S
2000-A)
Q. The British
Constitution is flexible & terribly adaptable. Explain.
14. WRITTEN & UNWRITTEN
Q. What is the
difference between written & unwritten Constitution. Explain with examples.
(2000-S)
15. MISCELLANEOUS
Q. Explain in detail the
legal concepts of Constitution & Constitutional Law. (2004-S)
Q. Write an essay on
“The British Constitution is the mother of all English Speaking Constitution.”
(2004-S)
Q. The English
Constitution is the part of common law discuss. (2000-A)
16. NOTES
i) Bill of Rights
(2007-S 2003-S,A 2002-S) (ii) Magna Carta (2007-S 2006-A 2003-S)
iii) Lord Chancellor
(2007-S 2004-A 2003-A 2002-A 2001-S) (iv) Privy Council (2006-A 2004-A)
v) Conventions of the
Constitution (2004-S) (vi) Cabinet System (2004-S 2002-A)
vii) Petition of Rights
(2003-S, A) (viii) Act of Settlement (2002-S) (ix) Habeas Corpus (2001-S)
17. COMMITTEE SYSTEM
Q. Discuss different
kinds of Committees in the House of Common. (2008-S)
18. NATURE OF GOVT. SYSTEM
Q. Distinguish between
federal & unitary system? (2008-A)
19. PRIME MINISTER
Q. Discuss the position
of prime minister under British System. (2008-S)
20. FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS
Q. “The Constitution of
England is unwritten and hence there are no fundamental right in the sense that
we have in some of written constitution.” Comment on this statement with
reference to fundamental rights in England. (2008-S)
B)
AMERICAN CONSTITUTION
1. SALIENT FEATURES
Q. Explain the salient
features of US constitution. (2009-A 2007-S 2005-S 2004-A 2002-A 2001-S 200-S
2000-A)
Q. Discuss in detail the
characteristics of the US Constitution. (2003-S)
2. RIGIDITY
Q. US Constitution is
Rigid. Explain (2005-S 2003-A 2000-A) (2008-A)
3. CONSTITUTIONAL HISTORY
Q. How the American
Constitution has been developed during the last two centuries? (2007-A, S)
Q. Give a brief account
of the constitutional history of USA. (2008-S 2006-S 2005-A 2001-A)
4. BILL OF RIGHTS
Q. Fundamental Rights
are guaranteed under US Constitution. Discuss. (2007-A)
Q. Explain the Bill of
Rights in the constitution of USA. (2006-A 2004-A 2003-S 2001-A 2000-S) What
four freedoms are the most crucial in the US Constitution? (2009-A 2004-S
2002-A)
5. DUE PROCESS OF LAW
Q. What do you mean by
“due process of law”? How this principle plays an effective role in the
enforcement of rights guaranteed by US constitution. (2006-A 2001-S 2000-A) “….
No state shall make or enforce any law what shall abridge on privileges or
immunities of citizens of the US: nor shall any state deprive any person of
life, liberty or property without due process of law: nor any person within its
jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws”. Elaborate. (2004-A)
6. SEPARATION OF POWER
Q. Explain the doctrine
of Separation of Power under US constitution. (2008-S 2005-A 2004-S 2003-A
2002-A 2001-S) Is there separation of power between the states & the
Federal Government in the USA? (2000-S)
7. CHECKS & BALANCES
Q. Discuss the system of
Checks & Balances provided in the US constitution. (2007-A 2004-A 2003-S
2002-S 2001-A)
8. CONGRESS
Q. Discuss the
corporation and functions of American Congress. (2007-A)
Q. What are the Powers
& Role of the Congress? Explain. (2008-A 2005-S, A 2001-A)
Q. US senate is unique
in many respects. It is the most powerful chamber on earth. Explain.( 2007-S)
Discuss its composition, powers and role. (2006-A 2004-S 2002-S, A 2001-S
2000-S)
Q. What is the
composition and functions of the House of Representative under the US
Constitution? (2009-A 2006-A)
Q. Explain function
& formation of senate in America? (2008-A)
9. PRESIDENT
Q. Explain the role of
president in US Constitution. (2009-A)
Q. How American
President is elected? Discuss his powers. (2007-A)
Q. How the President
& vice President of USA is elected. (2007-S 2004-S 2002-S 2001-S) Explain
the role of President under US constitution. (2005-S, A 2001-A 2000-S) What are
the legislative powers of US President? (2000-A)
Q. Discuss in detail the
Emergency powers of the US President. (2008-S 2006-A 2004-A 2003-A 2002-S)
Q. Explain the procedure
of election of Vice President of USA and discuss his features. (2007-S)
10. PROCEDURE OF LAW
MAING
Q. Discuss the procedure
of legislation under the US constitution. (2007-S 2006-S 2002-A)
11. PRESIDENTIAL FORM OF
GOVERNMENT
Q. Discuss the
presidential system of government in the US. (2003-A)
12. SUPREME COURT
Q. The US Supreme Court
has been instrumental in keeping the constitution up to date. (2008-S 2001-S)
Explain the role of US Supreme Court in protecting civil liberties in the US.
(2006-S 2004-S 2003-S, A 2002-S)
13. JUDICIAL REVIEW
Q. Explain the doctrine
of Judicial Review with reference to Mar bury vs. Madison in detail. (2007-S
2005-S, A 2004-A 2003-A,S 2001-A)
Q. Explain doctrine
judicial review in U.S.A? (2009-A 2008-A)
Q. Discuss effects if
the case Mar bury vs. Madison in American Constitution? (2009-A 2008-A)
14. FEDERALISM
Q. What is concept of
federation under US Constitution? Discuss (2008-S)
Q. US constitution
provides for Federal System. (2005-A 2002-S)
15. IMPEACHEMNENT
Q. Discuss the procedure
of impeachment under the US Constitution. (2003-S 2000-A)
16. AMENDMENT PROCEDURE
Q. Discuss the procedure
of amendment in the US Constitution. (2004-S)
8. NOTES
i) Bill of Rights ii)
Powers & Functions of US Senate (2007-A) (iii) Political Parties in USA iv)
Judicial Review (2008-S)
PAPER 4. LAW OF CONTRACT
A) CONTRACT ACT
1. PROPOSAL
Q. Define Proposal. How
is it revoked? (2007-S) Q. Define proposal. How does it become a promise
enforceable as a contract? (2002-S) Q. Define Proposal and Acceptance. What are
the rules relating to their communication? (2009-A) Q. Define proposal, discuss
its essential elements? (2008-A) Q. When the communication of a proposal,
acceptance & revocation does become complete? (2002-A 2001-S) Q. What is
offer? When it is valid? Discuss the rules relating with communication of an
offer. (2005-A) Q. What do you mean by revocation of proposal & acceptance?
How revocation is made & what is its effect on validity of contract.
(2006-A)
2. AGREEMENT
Q. What is the
difference between voidable and void agreements? Give your answer stating
examples. (2007-A)
Q. Define the term
‘Agreement’ & distinguish between Agreement & Contract. Q. What are the
essentials of a valid contract? Discuss them briefly. (2007-A 2003-A) Q. What
are the agreements which have been expressly been declared void? (2007-S)
Q. An agreement
enforceable by law is called contract. Discuss it with reference to the rules
relating to validity of a contract. (2008-S) Q. Define term void & voidable
agreement; explain the circumstances under which a contract becomes void &
voidable? (2008-A)
3. FREE CONSENT
Q. Define and
distinguish between coercion and undue influence. (2008-S) Q. Explain mistake
of fact and mistake of law. Do they have the same legal effect on a Contract?
(2007-S) Q. What is the difference between fraud and misrepresentation? Explain
giving examples. (2007-A)
Q. Discuss ‘Free
Consent’ & discuss the legal effects flowing from agreements made without
free consent. (2005-A 2004-A) Q. What do u understand by free consent Discuss
the effect of mistake on contract? (2008-A)
Q. Define Fraud. When is
the suggestion of a fact not fraud but misrepresentation? Give examples.
(2002-S)
Q. Define & explain
briefly Coercion, Undue Influence, and Fraud & Misrepresentation. (2002-A)
4. CONSIDERATION
Q. Define the term
consideration and discuss its essential elements? (2008-S) Q. What is
consideration? When is consideration or object of an agreement unlawful?
(2003-A) State the exception to the rule that an agreement made without
consideration is void. (2008-A 2007-S 2005-S 2002-S, A 2001-S)
5. CLASSES OF CONTRACT
Q. Define & give
examples of the following classes of contract. a) Void b) Void able c)
Unenforceable. (2002-A)
6. INDEMNITY &
GUARANTEE
Q. What is a contract of
guarantee? Distinguish it from contract of indemnity. (2007-A)
Q. Define the Contract
of Indemnity & what are the rights of an indemnity holder? Distinguish
between a contract of indemnity & a contract of guarantee. (2004-A 2002-S,
A)
Q. Define the term contract
of Guarantee and discuss the circumstances under which a contract of guarantee
is said to be discharged? (2008-S)
Q. What is continuing
guarantee? When and how may a continuing guarantee be revoked? How surety can
be discharged from his liabilities in a contract of guarantee? (2008-A 2005-S
2003-A)
Q. Enumerate the rights
of a surety as against Principal, debtor, creditor & against co-sureties.
(2005-S)
7. CONTINGENT CONTRACT
Q. Explain the
difference between a wagering agreement and a contingent contract. (2007-S) Q.
Define contingent contracts. Explain the rules which govern the enforcement of
these contracts. (2007-A 2006-A)
8. DISCHARGE OF CONTRACT
Q. What do you mean by
discharge of a contract? Discuss the circumstances under which a contract is said
to be discharged. (2008-S) Q. Describe the various modes in which a contract
may be discharged? (2004-A 2002-S)
9. QUASI CONTRACT
Q. What are the
situations where the law, requires a person to perform an obligation similar to
contracted obligation although he has not entered into any contractual
relationship. (2007-S 2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2002-S) Q. Define term quasi
contract discuss circumstances under which such contract comes into existence?
(2008-A)
10. BREACH OF CONTRACT
Q. State the rules
governing determination of damages for breach of contract. (2007-A) Q. What are
the remedies for breach of contract? (2009-A 2008-A 2007-S 2003-A)
11. BAILMENT
Q. What are the
essential features of bailment? State the duties of the bailee. (2007-S) Q.
What is bailment? What are the duties & liabilities of a bailor towards the
bailee? (2002-A) Q. Discuss the duties & rights of ‘Bailee’ in the contract
of bailment? (2009-A 2008-A 2006-A 2005-S)
12. AGENCY
Q. How agency is
constituted & terminated? (2009-A 2007-S A 2005-S 2002-S) Q. What is agency
& what are the duties of an agent to his principal & vice versa?
(2002-A) Q. What do you understand by an act of ratification? What conditions
have to be fulfilled for a valid ratification? (2007-S 2004-A) Q. Explain what
is agency. When an agent is responsible for the act done on behalf of his
principal? (2005-S 2003-
13. PERFORMANCE OF
CONTRACTQ.
What is performance of
contract? Discuss rules regarding time & place of performance. (2008-S
2006-A 2005-S, Q. Discuss the law governing
the performance of a contract where there are joint promises. (2007-S)
14. COMPETENCY TO
CONTRACT
Q. What is the legal
status of a contract entered into by a minor? Is it enforceable by law? If so
under what circumstances? (2008-S 2007-S 2003-A 2001-S)Q. Who are competent to
contract? (2006-A)
15. OBJECT OF CONTRACT
Q. When the object of a
contract is unlawful? (2005-S 2003-A 2002-A)
16. CONTRACT OF PLEDGE
Q. Discuss the
circumstances under which a pledge made by non-owner becomes valid. (2008-S) Q.
Can a valid pledge be made by mercantile agent? If so, explain fully. (2007-A)
B) SALE OF GOODS ACT
1. FIXATION OF PRICE
Q. What is sale? Discuss
its essentials & explain the different modes of fixation of price in a
contract of sale. (2005S
2. SALE & AGREEMENT
TO SALE
Q. What is the
difference between an agreement to sell and a contract of sale? State the
necessary ingredients for the formation of a contract of sale. (2008-S
2007-A)Q. What is sale & what is an agreement to sale. Explain the
difference between these. (2009-A 2005-A)
3. CONDITION &
WARRANTY
Q. What do you mean by
condition and warranty in a contract of sale? Explain different conditions and
warranties applicable in a contract of sale. (2005-A 2003-A)
Q. Define and state the
difference between a condition and a warranty of a contract. When a condition
may be treated as a warranty? (2007-S) Q. Define & distinguish between
condition & warranty. Explain Implied & express warranties in contract
of sale? (2008-S, A)
4. UNPAID SELLER
Q. Define unpaid seller.
What are his rights against goods under the Sale of Goods Act? (2009-A 2008-A
2004-A 2002-S)
5. CAVEAT EMPTOR
Q. What do you
understand by the rule ‘caveat emptor’? Are there any exceptions to this rule?
(2002-A)
6. BREACH OF CONTRACT
Q. State briefly the
remedies open to a seller and the buyer of goods for breach of contract by the
buyer. (2007-A 2002-A)
7. TRANSFER OF TITLE
Q. How title is
transferred in a contract of sale? (2006-A) Q. “A seller can’t convey a better
title than he himself has”. Are there any exceptions to this rule? (2005-S)
8. DELIVERY
Q. With reference to
performance of contract of sale discuss rule regarding as to delivery. (2007-S
2006-A 2004-A 2003-A)
9. DUTIES & BUYER OF
BUYER & SELLER
Q. What are the duties
of a buyer & a seller of goods under the sale of Goods Act?
PAPER 5. LAW OF TORTS
A) TORTS
1. ESSENTIALS OF TORT
Q. Define torts &
explain its essentials. (2007-S s2005-S)
2. DIF. FROM CRIME &
CONTRACT
Q. Define & discuss
the term torts in detail. How does it differ from crime & contract? (2008-A
2005-A 2003-A 2002-S, A 2001-S)
3. TRESPASS TO PERSON
Q. What do you
understand by Trespass to person? (2007-S 2006-A 2005-A)Q. Discuss assault
& battery. How are they different from each other & how similar?
(2007-S 2002-S 2002-A 2001-A)
3. A FALSE IMPRISONMENT
Q. Define & discuss
trespass to person with special reference to false imprisonment. (2008-S 2003-A
2002-A 2001-A)
4. TRESPASS TO LAND
Q. What is Trespass to
land? What remedies are available against it? (2007-A 2006-A 2005-S 2001-S)
5. DISCHARGE OF TORTS
Q. Write a note on
discharge of torts. (2009-A 2007- A 2006-A 2001-A)Q. What is difference between
the concepts of justification of torts & discharge of torts? (2008-S)
6. DEFAMATION
Q. Define defamation.
What defenses are available to the defendant? (2009-A 2008-S 2006-A 2005-A
2002-A 2001-S, A)
6. LIBEL & SLANDER
Q. The general rule is
‘Slander is actionable on proof of special damages’ what are the exceptions to
this general rule? (2008-S 2007-A 2003-A 2001-A) Q. Define slander & libel,
also distinguish between them? (2008-A)
7. DEFENCES
Q. Give the general
defenses which are available in an action for torts. (2006-A 2005-A 2004-A
2003-A 2002-S 2001-S) (2008-A) What do you understand by “Volenti non fit
injuria” & give exceptions to this rule. (2005-A 2004-A 2002-S)
8. MALICIOUS PROSECUTION
Q. Explain torts of
Malicious Prosecution. (2006-A 2005-S 2004-A 2003-A 2002-A 2001-S)
9. REMEDIES IN TORTS
Q. Write an essay on
Judicial Remedies in Tort. (2008-S) Q. Write an essay on Extra-Judicial
remedies in tort. (2007-A)Q. Write a detailed note on remedies in torts.
(2008-A 2007-S) Write an essay on Extra-Judicial remedies in tort. (2007-S
2004-A 2003-A 2002-A 2001-S, A)
10. DISABILITY TO SUE
Q. Who can’t sue &
who can’t be sued & why? (2004-A)(2008-A)
11. LEGAL DAMAGE
Q. Define legal damage
& these maxims. i) Ubi jus ibi remedium (2005-S) ii) Injuria sine damnum
(2002-S) iii) Damnum sine injuria (2004-A)
12. DAMAGES
Q. What do you understand
by damages? What are different kinds of damages? (2008-A 2007-S 2005-S 2004-A)
13. NUISANCE
Q. Write a comprehensive
note on Public & Private Nuisance. (2007-A 2005-S 2002-S 2001-S) Q. Discuss
the tort of Private Nuisance along with remedies available to the aggrieved
party? (2008-S 2003-A 2002-S 2002-A) How Public nuisance is different from
private nuisance? (2002-A)
14. VICARIOUS LIABILITY
Q. Write a comprehensive
note on Vicarious Liability. Under what circumstances a master is held liable
for the torts of his servants? (2009-A 2005-A 2003-A 2002-S 2001-S, A)
15. ABSOLUTE LIABILITY
Q. What is Absolute
Liability? Explain with examples. (2008-A 2007- S A 2005-S)Q. Define &
discuss tort of strict liability, explain its rationale. (2002-A)
16. NEGLIGENCE
Q. Define Negligence? Explain its essentials. (2009-A 2007-S 2006-A
2005-S 2003-A 2002-A 2001-A) Q. Under what circumstances ‘Contributory
Negligence’ is a good defense? (2008-S 2007-S 2005-A 2004-A 2002-S 2001-S) Q.
Is tort of negligence different from contributory negligence? (2002-S)
17. DEATH OF
PLAINTIFF & DEFENDANT
Q. How death of plaintiff or defendant affects the tort action can or
cannot the case proceed in such situation answer with illustration? (2008-A)
18. LEADING CASES Q.
State the principle as laid down in the followings cases:(i) Ashby vs. White
(2007-A 2004-A)(ii) Donoguhue vs. Stevenson (2002-S) (iii) Gloucester Grammar
School case(iv) Rylands vs. Fletcher (2007-S 2006-A 2005-A 2002-19. NOTES
i) Res ipsa Loquitor ( ii) Trespass ab initio (2009-A) (i) Ubi jus ibi
remedium ii) Injuria sine Damnum iii) Damnum sine injuria (2008-S) (i) U bi jus
ibi remedium ii) Injuria sine Damnum (2007-S)( i) Damnum Sine Injuria ii)
Volunti Non fit Injuria (2007-A)
B) EASEMENT ACT
1.
KINDS OF EASEMENT
Q. Define Easement & various kinds of Easement. (2008-A 2007-S
2005-A 2002-A)
2. ACQUISITION OF EASEMENT
Q.
Define Easement. How it can be acquired discuss fully? (2005-S 2002-A)
3. EASEMENT BY GRANT
Q.
Discuss the detail acquisition of Easement through Grant. (2008-S 2007-S 2002-S
2001-S, A)
4. EASEMENT BY CUSTOM Q.
Define & discuss in detail Easement by Custom. (2008-A 2003-A 2001-S)
5. EASEMENT BY
PRESCRIPTION
Q. Define & discuss Easement by Prescription. (2009-A 2007-A 2006-A
2005-A 2004-A 2003-A 2002-S 2001-A) 6.
EXTINCTION OF EASEMENT
Q. What is an easement? How can it be acquired and how extinguished?
(2008-S) Q. What is meant by easement? Easements can be extinguished how?
(2009-A 2007-A 2006-A 2005-S 2004-A)
PAPER 6. CRIMINAL LAW
A) PRINCIPLES OF CRIMINOLOGY
1. ESSENTIALS OF CRIME
Q. Define Crime and discuss in detail ‘Mens Rea and Actus Reus” as
elements of crime. (2008-S 2007-A)
Q. What is crime? What are its essential elements? (2006-A 2004-S
2003-S, A 2002-S, A 2001-A) 2.
THEORIES OF PUNISHMENT
Q. Define criminal
justice. What are different theories of punishment? (2007-S A 2006-A 2005-A
2004-S 2003-A 2002-S 20021-S) (2008-A)
3.
THEORIES OF NEGLIGENCE
Q. What is Negligence? What are its different theories? Discuss (2009-A
2008-S 2004-A 2003-S 2002-A 2001-A) 4.
STRICT LIABILITY
Q. What is importance of “Mens Rea’ in constituting the crime? Also
explain strict liability offence. (2007-S) Q. Discuss the law relating to
‘Strict Liability’ which excludes “Mens Rea” in criminal cases. (2005-A 2004-A) 5. CRIME & TORT Q.
What is crime? How it may be distinguished from tort. (2001-S)
6.
STAGES TO COMMIT CRIME
Q. Discuss various approaches towards the commission of crime. (2009-A) Q.
Define crime & explain different stages in commission of crime? (2008-A)
B)
PPC
Q. Definitions: 1.
Insanity (2004-A 2002-A) (2) Wrongful Gain (2006-A 2002-S 2001-A) (3) Wrongful
Loss (2003-A 2002-A 2001-S) (4) Public servant (2002-A 2001-S) (5) Injury
(2006-A 2003-A 2002-S) (6) Fraudulently (2003-A) (7) Dishonestly (2001-A) (8)
Good Faith (2006-A 2004-A 2001-S) (9) Reason to Believe (2004-A 2002-S 2001-A)
(10) Fraud (11). Offence (12) Court of Justice Fraudulent Injury (2008-S) 1.
COMMON INTENTION & OBJECT
Q.
Define & explain common intention & common object. Is there any
difference between the two? Explain fully. (2008-S 2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2003-S,
A 2001-S)
2.
SELF DEFENSE
Q. Explain private defense of property and when does it extend to
causing death of assailant? (2008-S, A 2007-A) Q. Explain private defense of
person and when does it extend to causing death of assailant? (2007-S) Q. What
are the restrictions imposed upon the force in self defense under PPC. (2006-A
2005-A 2002-S, A) Q. What is a right of private defense? When it extends to
causing death of another? (2008-A 2004-S 2001-S, A) Q. In what cases Consent,
Compulsion or Necessity may be a sufficient defense against a charge of crime?
(2008-S 2007-S 2006-A 2004-A 2003-S, A 2002-S)
3. UNLAWFUL ASSEMBLY
Q.
When a member of an Unlawful Assembly commits an offence in prosecution of the
common object of the assembly & how does it affect members of the assembly?
(2005-A 2004-S) Q. What is Unlawful Assembly? When it becomes Roit? Discuss.
(2008-A 2007-S 2002-S 2001-A)
4. ABETMENT
Q.
Define abetment and discuss the liability of abettor in different
circumstances. (2008-S 2007-A) Q. Define Abetment. What are its different kinds
& punishment provided under PPC? (2004-S 2003-S, A 2002-A) 5. KINDS OF
PUNISHMENT
Q. What are different kinds of punishment under PPC? (2008-S 2007-A
2004-A 2003-S 2002-A) 6.
HURT
Q. Define the
term Jurh and discuss its various kinds. Also state the kinds of Ghair Jaifah
alongwith Punishment. (2009-A) Q. What are different kinds of hurt provided
under PPC? (2008-A 2007-S 2003-A 2002-A 2001-A) Q. Define & distinguish
among assault, hurt & grievous hurt. (2003-S 2001-A)
7. QATL
Q. What
are the different kinds of Qatl & their punishments? When is it liable to
Qisas? (2005-A 2004-A 2003-S 2002-S) Define & distinguish between
Qatl-i-khata & Qatl-i-sabab. (2009-A 2008-S 2007-S 2006-A 2002-A 2001-8.
THEFT
Q. Define and distinguish between theft and extortion. (2007-S) Q.
Define & distinguish between Theft & Criminal Breach of Trust. (2006-A
2003-S 2001-A) Q. Define Criminal Breach of Trust & distinguish it from
Criminal Misappropriation of property. (2004-A 2003-A 2001-S)
9.
TRESPASS
Q. Define & discuss ‘house breaking’, ‘house trespass’ & ‘criminal
trespass’. (2005-A 2004-A) Q. Define & differentiate between ‘house
breaking’, ‘house trespass’ & ‘criminal trespass’? (208-A) 10.
CRIMINAL CONSPIRACY
Q.
Define Criminal Conspiracy. What are its different kinds? (2005-A 2004-S
2002-S, A) Distinguish it from Abetment. (2001-S)
11.
DEFAMATION
Q. What is
defamation? Explain fully the various exceptions to the charge of defamation.
(2008-A 2007-S 2005-A 2003-A 2002-A 2001-S, A)
12.
KIDNAPPING & ABDUCTION
Q. Define and distinguish between Kidnapping and Abduction. Also state
the punishment prescribed for kidnapping in order to murder. (2009-A) Q. Define
& differentiate between Kidnapping & Abduction. (2002-S 2001-S)
13. ROBBERY &
DACOITY
Q. Write an exhaustive essay on Robbery under PPC. (2009-A) Q. Define
and distinguish between extortion and dacoity. (2009-A) Q. Discuss fully the
provisions under PPC relating to the offences of Robbery, Dacoity &
Extortion explaining the distinction between Robbery & Dacoity. (2008-S
2006-A 2005-A 2004-A 2003-A 2001-A) Q. What is robbery, how theft becomes
robbery? (2008-A)
14. DIYAT
Q. What is diyat? How is
it valued and paid & how is it disbursed? (2009-A 2006-A 2003-S 2002-S)
15. NOTES (1) Wrongful gain Public Servant Fraudulent
(2007-S) (2) Dishonestly Good faith Fraudulent (2008-A)
3) Wrongful gain
Valuable Security Good Faith (2009-A)
16. WRONGFUL RESTRAINT
& CONFINEMENT
Q. Define and
distinguish between wrongful restraint and wrongful confinement. Also state the
punishment prescribed under PPC. (2009-A)
C) HADOOD LAWS
1. THEFT
Q. Define ‘Theft’ &
explain when it’s liable to hadd. What proof is required for it? (2009-A 2008-S
2007-S, A 2006-A 2005-A 2003-S, A 2002-A 2001-A)
2. QAZF
Q. What is Qazf liable
to Hadd & what proof is required for it? What is its punishment? How can it
proved? (2009-A 2008-A 2007-S, A 2006-A 2004-A 2003-S 2002-S, A 2001-S)
3. HADD & TAZIR
Q. Define &
distinguish between Hadd & Tazir. Discuss the offences punishable by Hadd.
(2005-A 2004-A 2003-A 2002-S 2001-A) Q. Define Hadd in accordance with Islamic
law & explain different kinds of hadood
under Islamic law? (2008-S A)
4. ZINA
Q. Define Zina. When its
liable under hadd. What proof is required for it? What is its punishment?
5. NOTES (1) ( a) Tazeer (b) Nisab (c) Hirz (d) Harabah (2001-S)
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